ARABIC VOICED GLOTTAL STOP AND VOICED PHARYNGEAL FRICATIVE IN SUNDANESE SOUND SYSTEM

Abstract

This article reveals how two Arabic consonants: voiced glottal stop and voiced pharyngeal fricative are pronounced by Sundanese when reading Alquran.  The theory of phonetic articulatory is used to analyze the way the sound produced from the place, manner of articulation, its voicing and the involvement of speech organs.  The data were taken from Alquran short surah recitation by Arab and Sundanese native speakers. The data are in the form of recorded sounds. After selecting those two consonants from the Alquran recitation, the researchers transcribe them using International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) standardization. By using contrastive analysis method, the data are identified by labeling those two sounds based on the place, the manner of articulation with its voicing. The result shows that: 1. The Arabic voiced glottal stop consonant /ʔ/ followed by vowels /ʔʌ/, /ʔɪ/ and /ʔʊ/ are changed to be short vowels /ʌ/, /ɪ/ and /ʊ/ 2. Arabic voiced consonant pharyngeal fricative /ʕ/ followed by vowels /ʕʌ/, /ʕɪ/ and /ʕʊ/ are also changed to be nasal vowels /ã/, /ĩ/ and /ŭ/ by Sundanese people. 3. In case of voiced glottal stop in condition of sukun, it is pronounced in the same way. 4. In case of the voiced pharyngeal fricative in condition of sukun /ʕ/, the sound is changed to be voiced glottal stop in condition of sukun. In conclusion, those two Arabic consonants are changed to be vowels in Sundanese sound system with a few data that change the meaning as a result of the changes.